Book report, only if you have access to it Essay

Book report, only if you have access to it - Essay Example Cunliffe’s account of authentic and mystique European history is so enthralling, riveting, and has so many layers to it that one cannot help but feel like one is sitting in a cinema house watching one of the greatest movies of all time made about Europe. This is one of the most riveting aspects of this book that a simple reading transforms into a full-fletch journey complete with all the necessary embellishments required to keep a reader engaged throughout the reading process. In his book, Cunliffe starts from prehistoric times moving through the ancient to the medieval times. He views Europe as a highly strategically located continent owing to facing different seas from different sides. These seas have always played a phenomenal role in enriching the European civilization in terms of natural resources. There is a broad range of natural resources found in Europe which encourages a solid network of interaction and exchange among people. Many mechanisms of intricate complexity underlie the survival and development of the early Europeans. Cunliffe frequently draws on evidence from anthropology, history, and archeology to explicate these underlying mechanisms to the readers. The book proves itself to be a highly educational read as it expertly structures a completely new and enriched understanding of old Europe in a reader’s mind. As a skilled writer who has over a dozen books to his name in his resume, Cunliffe does not leave any details unexplored in this book also. His version of ancient history is almost cinematic. There is amazing photography in the book as well which serves to complement the archeological evidence presented by the author. This is not the kind of book which one can take and just read on the go. It refuses to receive ordinary treatment from a reader because many concepts do not properly diffuse through the brain unless a person properly concentrates

CRJS315 U2IP Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CRJS315 U2IP - Research Paper Example It is the nature of teenagers to be rebellious but has the society asked itself what causes all this. Reported cases of bad behavior and illegal practices are common among juveniles, and this is worrying (BartuschandBurfeind, 2011). Anomie is the scenario where a community does not offer any guidance or direction to the people. This is especially the case for the 21st century where everyone is busy looking for money and self-empowerment while disregarding the general cohesion and togetherness of the community (Welsh and Siegel, 2011). Anomie is caused when a society undergoes rapid changes in its underlying values due to e.g. the emergence of different social classes. When this happens, the general cohesion of the society is weakened leading to different chances for the individuals to access opportunities equally. The lack of opportunities especially on the side of the less fortunate, results in a lack of morals. This is because they are willing to do anything to have those chances. Some end up finding their lack but most never do and may end up detesting the well-off (Clark,2000). This usually leads to cases of bad behavior e.g. bullying, pickpocketing, petty thieves and even drug and substance abuse. In cases of college teenagers, the inequality among the students may cause some of them to be involved in exam malpractices (Peterson,2013). To them, it is available means to excel in class and make a better life for them especially if they come from poor backgrounds. The solution, therefore, as a probation officer, is to encourage the community that, even though people may be in different social classes, the general cohesion and togetherness of the people should be maintained (Nowinski, 2007). The other things would be to encourage them to ensure equal opportunity for everyone and prevent discrimination against because of anything. Be it because of their sexual orientation, gender, race, social class or anything,

The Impeachment Of President Bill Clinton

The Impeachment Of President Bill Clinton In 1992, Bill Clinton became the 42nd president of the United States, defeating George Bush. Bill Clinton was the first President born after World War II and the youngest since John F. Kennedy. He is the second president in United States history to be impeached. His impeachment was the consequence of his indiscretions. The impeachment hearing and all the evidence was publicized and often imitated to make fun, but his impeachment was no laughing matter. President Clinton had serious allegations against him that were continuously denied until the evidence was too incriminating that he could no longer cover the truth. Bill Clinton was born in Hope, Arkansas in 1946. While attending high school he traveled to Washington D.C. with the Boys Nation to attend a leadership conference. He and others in the group were invited to White House. During his visit he shook hands with President John F. Kennedy, an event that became one of the most memorable of his youth and which sparked an early interest in entering politics. Clinton attended Georgetown University, earning a degree in International Affairs. He then attended Oxford University to study Government and later onto Yale Law School. He met his wife, Hillary, during this time. In 1972, they both worked for presidential candidate, George McGovern. After completing law school he returned to his home, Arkansas, to teach law at the University of Arkansas. During this time he was contemplating his political career. In 1974, he ran for U.S. Congress but lost in a close race. In 1976, he became the Attorney General of Arkansas. He proceeded to become the youngest Governor in the U.S. and then served as the Chairman of the National Governors Association. Clinton continued his political career and in the 1991-1992 presidential election he became President of the United States. He defeated the allegations of marital infidelity, pot smoking, and draft dodging but the turmoil was just beginning. Widely considered the most investigated President ever, the Clinton administration had been dogged by controversy from the very beginning. Shortly after Clinton was elected president, more allegations began to surface. The first major Clinton scandal involved the White House travel office and came to be popularly known as Travelgate. Whitewater began back in 1978 when Bill and Hillary Clinton along with two Arkansas acquaintances, James B. and Susan McDougal, borrowed $203,000 to purchase 220 acres of riverfront land in Arkansas Ozark Mountains, then formed the Whitewater Development Corporation with the intention of building vacation homes (History Place, 2000). In 1982, McDougal purchased Madison Guaranty, a small saving and loan company that was shut down in 1989 after several failed loans. In 1992, the Federal Resolution Trust Corporation, during its investigation into the causes of its failure, named both Bill and Hillary Clinton as potential beneficiaries of alleged illegal activities at Madison Guaranty. A referral was then sent to the U.S. Justice Department (History Place, 2000). There was said to be illegal dealings and but by late 1997, the Whitewater investigation came to a close. The Office of Independent Counsel failed to produce the necessary substantial and credible evidence of an impeachable offense that would justify referring the matter to Congress for further action (Linder, 2005). After this investigation, Clinton personal affairs were being watched closely by Kenneth W. Starr, a former Justice Department official in the Reagan administration, and federal appeals court judge and solicitor general in the Bush administration. He began investigating the Clintons to matters that were personal unrelated to the Whitehouse-Travelgate case. The second allegation began to surface, the Paula Jones case. Paula was a former Arkansas state employee. In 1994, Paula alleged that in 1991, she was summoned by Clintons bodyguard to go his hotel room. She claimed that Clinton committed sexual harassment by dropping his trousers in a Little Rock hotel room and asking her to perform a sex act. She filed a civil lawsuit against the President in federal district court in Arkansas, seeking $700,000 in damages along with a personal apology from Clinton (History Place, 2000). When the alleged event occurred Clinton was not yet the president but when the allegations were made his lawyers advised him to postpone the case. Clintons plan to postpone the case didnt last long before the case reached the United States Supreme Court. For the first time in U.S. history, a sitting President was subjected to a civil lawsuit for actions that occurred before he became President (History Place, 2000). During the Paula Jones controversy Clinton gets involved with Monica Lewinsky. Monica Lewinsky was an intern that came to work at the White house in 1995. During her internship she was assigned to the West Wing of the White House and met Clinton. This was the start of there sexual encounters and secret meetings. She was transferred to the Pentagon and became friends with Linda Tripp. Linda Tripp, a Defense Department employee and friend of Monica Lewinsky. Lewinsky confided in Tripp and began telling her stories about the affair that she had with Clinton. Tripp began secretly tape-recording her conversations with Lewinsky, which included discussions of Lewinskys affair with Clinton. Tripp began to share information with Joness lawyers, and Starr. These findings were building a strong case against Clinton. The Supreme Court ruled 9-0 on May, 27 1997 for the Jones case and it proceeded. Joness legal team was in search of more dirt on Clinton. The information from Tripp was just the break that they needed to proceed towards the impeachment of Clinton. Clinton found out that Lewinsky was on the list of witnesses in the Jones case. A close friend on Clintons, Vernon Jordan, assisted Lewinsky in finding another job and also found her a lawyer. The lawyer provided help with an affidavit in the Jones case in which she would deny having a sexual relationship with the President. In 1998, Clinton testified in the Jones case. He was caught off guard because for the first time he was questioned about his sexual relations with Monica Lewinsky. Clinton denied under oath having any sexual relations with Lewinsky. Clintons denials would be used as the basis of an article of impeachment. Internet sites, news reporters, and magazines began to publically reveal the Lewinsky affair for the first time. Clinton continued to deny the allegations. He made a televised appearance to attempt to end the speculation. Clinton stated, But I want to say one thing to the American people. I want you to listen to me. Im going to say this again: I did not have sexual relations with that woman, Miss Lewinsky. I never told anybody to lie, not a single time never. These allegations are false. And I need to go back to work for the American people (History Place, 2000). This was his first speech but not his last he continued to deny the existence of the relationship. In April 1998, the Paula Jones sexual harassment case was dismissed. It was dismissed on the grounds that the alleged act was not considered sexual harassment under federal law. Starr and his team were still in pursuit of Clinton. Lewinsky declined to testify against Clinton until July. She hired lawyers and met with Starrs staff for the first time. She presented the details of her relationship with Clinton. Starr granted her immunity. Lewinsky also turned over a dress that was stained with semen, the DNA from which proved that Clinton and Lewinsky had been intimate. The next day, Clinton, whom Starr had subpoenaed to come before the grand jury, agreed to appear (Greenburg, 2003). She testified before Starrs federal grand jury. She gave explicit details about the sexual encounters but also told the jury that no one told her to lie or offered her a job in lieu of not telling. In August 1998, Clinton testified and admitted the affair with Lewinsky but continued to deny the Joness allegations. He also gave a televised apology for the relationship with Lewinsky that he described as, wrong. Clinton thus became the first President ever to testify in a grand jury criminal investigation concerning his own actions. Some thought his apology was enough but others thought it was inadequate. Clintons testimony would later be used as the basis of an article of impeachment. In September, Starr charged Clinton with impeachable offenses including perjury, obstruction of justice, and witness tampering. Starr disclosed the information to the public and America was flooded with explicit details. President Clinton was in jeopardy of loosing his position in office, something that he worked so hard for. The public began to make mockery of the acts, especially Clinton. The press had called on Clinton to resign and others were deeply concerned about the impact on the nation. In October 1998, the impeachment hearing began. The Democrats, in defense of Clinton, produced an array of scholars asserting that the charges against Clinton did not rise to the level of high Crimes and Misdemeanors mentioned, but not specifically defined, in the U.S. Constitution as grounds for impeachment, and therefore did not warrant removal of the President from office (History Place, 2000). Clinton was given 81 written questions that asked him to admit or deny allegations in Starrs report. His answers to the questions will be basis of an article of impeachment. In December 1998, the Judiciary Committee voted mainly along party lines to approve the first three articles of impeachment, accusing Clinton of committing perjury before Starrs grand jury and in the Jones case, and with obstruction of justice in the Jones case. The next day, the fourth article was approved, accusing Clinton of making false statements in his answers to the 81 written questions (History Place, 2000). Most people in America did not approve of an impeachment. Democrats wanted an alternative or a possibly reprimand but the majority wanted him to stay in the office. During this time Clinton had ordered military strike against Iraq because Iraqi leader did not comply with U.N. weapons inspection. Some say that his action was an attempt to prolong the impeachment but others say such allegations are absurd. The impeachment proceedings were delayed twenty-four hours. On December 19, 1998, President Clinton fate was decided before the full House of Representatives. They voted on the four articles on impeachment: Article 1- perjury before Independent Counsel Ken Starrs grand jury, Article 2- perjury in the Paula Jones civil case, Article 3- obstruction of justice related to the Jones case, Article 4- abuse of power by making perjurious statements to Congress in his answers to the 81 questions posed by the Judiciary Committee. The Republican-controlled House of Representatives brought two articles of impeachment against President Bill Clinton, charging him with perjury and obstruction of justice (Greenburg, 2003). The impeachment trial began January 7, 1999. Although this was the second impeachment trial in U.S. history, it would possible be the first for a president to be removed from office. On February 12, 1999, as the whole world watched as Senate voted. On Article 1, the charge of perjury, 55 senators, including 10 Republicans and all 45 Democrats voted not guilty. On Article 3, obstruction of justice, the Senate split evenly, 50 for and 50 against the President (History Place, 2000). A two-thirds majority was needed as stated by the Constitution. President Clinton was found not guilty on both charges and was allowed to serve the reminder of his term in office. President Clinton concludes by saying, Now that the Senate has fulfilled its constitutional responsibility, bringing this process to a conclusion, I want to say again to the American people how profoundly sorry I am for what I said and did to trigger these events and the great burden they have imposed on the Congress and on the American people (History Place, 2000). The allegations that led to the impeachment hearing were indeed immoral actions but did they warrant grounds for impeachment. Many will argue that Clinton was trying to protect his privacy by not disclosing all the facts before the court and others would say that he outright lied to cover the truth. He persuaded Lewinsky and other key witnesses into giving false testimony about the affair. In the case of the court when you swear under oath you are entitled to tell the truth but Clinton did not. In doing this, William Jefferson Clinton has undermined the integrity of his office, has brought disrepute on the Presidency, has betrayed his trust as President, and has acted in a manner subversive of the rule of law and justice, to the manifest injury of the people of the United States (Hall, Finkelman Ely, 2005). Was justice served? I will say, yes it was. Clinton was wrong for a lot of different reasons but no one other than our God is void of making mistakes. He was humiliated in the public eye and humbly admitted his untrue nature. It is often hard to disclose your own wrong doings to one person but to the whole world that is big. In realizing that he did not have much choice or look like a complete fool he still did the right thing. The trial was needed because there was wrongdoing but the judicial system did not fail the American people. Despite the whole ordeal, I feel that Clinton was one of the best Presidents during my time. Do we judge a person from there wrongdoings or do we look at the bigger picture? I look at the big picture and I stand behind my view, justice was served.

The Monk :: essays research papers fc

The Monk: A Rebellious Offspring of the Age of Reason Understanding the Gothic novel can be accomplished by obtaining a familiarity of the Augustan point of view, which helps to develop a reference point for comparing and contrasting the origin of Gothic literature. The thinking that was being questioned by the Gothic novel was Augustanism; and without some understanding of Augustan principles and their role in eighteenth-century thought it is difficult to understand the purposes of the Gothic revival, either in terms of history or in terms of the way in which it offered a new conception of the relations between man, nature and a supreme being. David punter describes the political relationship of the Augustan thinker to the literary world, â€Å" It is tempting to see in Augustanism the doctrine of a small cultural elite holding on to power and status under increasing pressure, and that pressure as precisely that exerted by the new reading public on the homogeneity of the old literary establishment (p 31 Punter). This small number of e lite would have included, but not limited to, Fielding, Johnson and especially Pope. However, Fielding and Johnson were slowly stepping outside of the realm of the Augustan limitations. Fielding was undoubtedly Augustan in his beliefs in the stability of social rules and the necessity of a social and psychological compromise, but his mocking attitude towards literary stipulation represents a more moderate Augustan replication. Johnson, on the other hand, was a firm believer in these literary rules and yet it was his ‘Preface to Shakespeare’ which became the first significant breach in these limitations. Alexander Pope’s ‘Essay on Man’ embodies the cosmological, theological and ethical beliefs of the Augustan age; while at the same time exemplifying submission to the rules of literary form. The Augustan approach was intellectual with formal restraint; while relying on reason and traditionalism to create literary works. These stipulations were very con trolled by their boundaries and could not be exaggerated with out being broken. The Augustan critical attitude condemned spontaneity for its chaotic qualities, imagination for its objection to reason and liberalism for its opposition to traditionalism. Gothic fiction appears as a specific response to the Age of Reason’s order. During the late eighteenth-century, several different kinds of new fiction arose to challenge the Augustan tradition; leading the way was the Gothic novel. An interest in those things, which cannot be understood, for example religion and the soul, results in an overwhelming expansion of what is accepted as art in the literary world.

Motivation in workplace Essay

Motivation is the drive that makes us do things: this is a result of our individual needs being met so that we are galvanised to complete the task. Depending on how motivated we are, may further govern the effort we put into our work and perhaps increase output and the quality of that output. Some people are motivated by a high wage or salary but others look for satisfaction from responsibility or a job well done. Businesses rely on their staff being efficient, both in the quantity and quality of output. If employees are not sufficiently motivated to meet these criteria, the business has a problem. A study published in 1966 by Fredrick Herzberg, after he had interviewed a number of people from different professions, attempted to find out two things: * Those factors that motivated people in the workforce – factors that resulted in job satisfaction and further increased their efficiency * Those factors that prevented job dissatisfaction – these factors did not make employees happy but removed unhappiness from working. Such factors, Herzberg referred to as ‘hygiene’ factors – those that if not satisfied would reduce employee efficiency. Although some factors were found to fall into both categories, broadly speaking, Herzberg identified, Achievement, Recognition. The Nature of Work, and Responsibility as motivators, and How the Business was Run, Supervision, Work Conditions, and Pay as hygiene factors. One striking finding in the study was that factors associated with encouraging motivation, have little connection with money, but are associated with personal development and achievement. This is not to say that increasing pay doesn’t remove job dissatisfaction – it does, but only in the short term. Shine Communications, a communications agency based in London and employing 56 staff, was voted by employees, the number one company, in the Sunday Times 100 Best Small Companies to Work For, 2012. Over 500 companies entered this competition and were judged according to a number of pre-determined criteria, assessed by the answers to 70 questions. Shine achieved top scores in 36 of the questions. â€Å"I do believe if you look after your people and you are a consultancy, you are going get great results as you are looking after your best asset†, says Rachel Bell, the chief executive of Shine. Bell, who was voted Best Leader, says she wants staff to reach their full potential and is always asking staff for advice. Ten per cent of Shine’s annual profit is re-invested into training, and each member of staff has a personal development fund which can be used, for example, on training or conquering a fear. Lawrence Colling, the joint managing director, has worked at Shine for 10 years and has never felt the need to work elsewhere – â€Å"the fact that it has grown five times over, only results in more exciting clients†. There is a flexible benefits scheme which can include membership of Tate Modern or raising money for charity, and this acts as an incentive to do well. Flexible working is encouraged, with the head of social media working partly from his home in France. Questions 1 At Shine Recruitment the joint managing director had been at the company for 10 years. Explain one disadvantage of staff working at a firm for a long period of time. 2 Labour turnover at Shine is 12 per cent per annum. Explain two advantages of low labour turnover for the firm. 3 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs suggests that all workers have basic needs such as obtaining food and drink, which have to be satisfied before other needs can be considered. Does Maslow’s view tend to suggest that Herzberg’s theory is flawed? 4 From the information given in the case study, and using your own understanding of Herzberg, analyse two reasons why the level of job dissatisfaction at Shine may be low. 5 The name Shine was chosen from a quote in Nelson Mandella’s inaugural presidential address – â€Å"And as we let our own light show we unconsciously give other people permission to do the same†. What aspects of Herzberg’s motivators can you recognise from this philosophy? 6 Assess the benefits of Shine Communication re-investing 10 per cent of its profits back into the business through training. ANSWERS 1 It is important for a business to have a settled workforce in order for a good, calm working environment to prevail. It is clear that staff at Shine are happy in their work, but if the workforce is relatively young and ambitious the staff turnover is always going to occur. A disadvantage of this is that workers who add value to a company may be lost. However there are likely to be problems if staff stay too long. They may become stale and lack innovative ideas. They may settle for the status quo, the easy life, and sections of the company may lack dynamism because of this. Personal relationships can be a problem and freshening up of a workforce is often good. 2 Labour turnover – the number of people leaving a business in a period of time (usually a year) expressed as a percentage of the total workforce. A 12 per cent labour turnover at Shine means that 5 or 6 people leave each year and, in a relatively new, forward looking business, this should be regarded as relatively low, and perhaps about the right level. Having a settled workforce has a number of advantages. The training and experience gained can be channelled more effectively into a firm with workforce stability, more easily than with one with a high labour turnover. Employees get to know how others work, and indeed think, so much so that there will be less indecision over choices to be made. If a member of staff is not present, a settled staff can pick up the work more easily. If employees are happy then productivity is more likely to increase as there is less friction in the workplace. Indeed it can be argued that a firm with a low labour turnover is a happy staff, otherwise more staff would leave. Shine invests heavily in training. This is not wasted if employees stay with the firm for a reasonable length of time. 3. Abraham Maslow’s study originated in the 1950s and is still has appeal for businesses as it has clarity. There would be little argument that everyone needs to satisfy physiological needs such as enough in a wage packet to pay the bills, and employers are aware of this and in the main heed to it. Maslow’s theory is based on a hierarchy with each successive level needing to be achieved before an individual can progress on to the next level. Again the second level of safety would seem to find most employers agreeing. After all, workers must feel safe in the working environment and would like security in their job. It is when the theory moves on to the higher levels of love and belonging, esteem needs and self-actualisation that more disagreement occurs. There is a problem as to when a particular level is satisfied; some rewards appear to cover more than one level – money can bring status and that would be the esteem level. Some levels will never be attained by some workers. Nevertheless, like many models, Maslow gives us a model for comparison, a measure to assess workers against. If needs are satisfied workers are more likely to be motivated. Herzberg has similarities to Maslow as he also attempted to find out what motivated people and indeed the similarities are also found in other areas. Herzberg’s findings, that people are motivated by achievement and recognition sit fairly comfortably with Maslow’s top level of self-actualisation and to a certain extent esteem needs. Where Maslow and Herzberg seem to differ is their attitude to pay/money. Herzberg does not see pay as a motivator, only as a hygiene factor which prevents dissatisfaction. Maslow states that employees cannot satisfy higher levels until they have their basic needs satiated and feel safe. Perhaps the views are not so disparate. This is a personal view, but it should be noted that Herzberg’s studies were concentrated on very specific groups – engineers and accountants. Most within these two groups would be well qualified and well paid. Perhaps they had already achieved the lower levels of Maslow’s hierarchy and therefore were looking for something more intrinsic to satisfy their need for motivation. What perhaps is safest to conclude is that different things motivate different people. Some will be money motivated, others less so. Some will seek solace and motivation in a job well done whilst others can easily divorce themselves from their job – it is a means to an end. 4 Herzberg’s motivators were Achievement, Recognition, the nature of work and Responsibility rather than mere monetary matters. The chief executive of Shine wants employees to reach their full potential. This fits neatly into the ‘achievement’ and ‘responsibility’ motivators of Herzberg. Rachel Bell (chief executive) is always seeking the views of staff and if those views are acted upon dissatisfaction in the work place would be relatively low. Employees appear to be well trained and if that equates to being good at your job you will be more confident, will look forward to coming into work and will be satisfied with your role. Couple this with the fact that the firm is growing then there will be more opportunity for achievement and recognition at work and less reason to be dissatisfied with how the business is run, supervision and work conditions. Combine these with the relatively low rate of labour turnover and it tempting to suggest that job dissatisfaction at Shine is low. 5. The chief executive of Shine Communications is clear that the people in the business are its best asset. The firm attempts, through its flexible benefits scheme, it flexible working initiatives and its vigorous attitude to training to get the best from its employees. The philosophy underpinning the name ‘Shine’ is to let employees use their own strengths to the benefit of the company which in turn, it hopes, will inspire others to do the same. Herzberg believed Responsibility to be a key part of his motivational strategy. This also allies closely to the idea of job enrichment where employees who are given greater degrees of personal responsibility in their job will be enriched by it. Shine Communications has grown five times over since its start up and its joint managing director Lawrence Colling believes this results in more exciting clients. This view can be aligned to Herzberg’s motivators of achievement and recognition. The fact that the employees voted the company the best small business to work for gives an endorsement to the nature of the work and again to the achievement felt in working for this successful firm. Whilst the ideas of personal development funds and a flexible benefits scheme do not neatly fall into Herzberg’s idea of motivators they will help prevent dissatisfaction in the workplace. Herzberg is clear that the hygiene factors that need to be in place in order to allow the motivators to function. Employees appear to be satisfied with how the business is run and this helps prevention dissatisfaction in the workplace. 6. Training can be provided in a number of ways. On-the-job training is particularly beneficial for new staff who can be shown how certain aspects of the job are done whilst actually performing those tasks, under supervision. Off the-job training is provided in a separate environment, such as a college or specialist work site and the training may be carried out by outside organisations. Induction training is generally provided over a short period of time when new employees are taken on by a firm. It helps new staff to see what is expected of them in a more general way. Shine Communications ploughs 10 per cent of profits back into the business through training. It clearly believes this to be a worthwhile investment. All employees are given training and some staff may use part of their personal development fund for additional training. Communications is a fast changing world and firms and their employees need to keep up-to-date on the latest developments, particularly in electronic communications. Personnel communication is a skill not always addressed in business and one in which some people adapt more readily to than others. Both of these types of training will be of great importance to Shine. Theory would suggest that training is costly; that it can be disruptive, and that some employees do not want it as it takes them out of their comfort zone. Not all training providers are good. Not all training is relevant, yet as most businesses provide training as part of an ongoing programme it may be safe to assume that is valuable. At Shine there appears to be a correlation between the amount of training provided and the success of the business. This is not to say that good training will make a business successful, more that the chances of success are enhanced and that the removal of training is more likely to hinder the progress of the firm than benefit it. It could be argued that the ten per cent of profits set aside for training could be invested back into the business in another way but after a firm has paid out dividends to its shareholders it would be wise in invest in a number of areas, of which training would be high on the agenda.

Grading System Essay

I think this is a good step to change the very old education system of our country. We have progressed and developed in many field but the Educational system is same (implemented during Colonial regime). But the question arises why in only CBSE System. However, this is going to relax most of the students and parents as well. The Students and guardians were used to go under unnecessary pressure and stress twice (X & XII). The Grading system is better than marking system. Meanwhile I fee the Government should also consider on the following matters. 1. There should be one syllabus system in all over India. . This system must be applied to all board exam not only CBSE. Each and every board must follow other wise the students of CBSE will face a great consequences in future. 3. There should be one educational system in all over India. I’ve read these statements, n I think most of the people dint like it bcoz, acc to them there e will be no difference in 91 and 99. i just want to ask that in whole India how many students get above 90 and hw many below 60. obvsly more students are in 2nd category’s we should think on behalf of those who are more in the system get very depressed when they fails! their enthusiasm, will to study further get busted! So it better for those students. At least they can study further with increased enthusiasm that they have to get next grade next year. So thinking as a mess. This sys is excellent and obviously it will reduce the suicide cases adopted by the failure students. Well everything thing has both ways one is positive and another one is negative we are taking about only positive thing that is stress will be remove from students mind, inferiority complex and all that. But there is some person, who is talking about negative point of grading system, if we talk about negative point there are certain points like no students have deep knowledge about the subject and if you do not have deep knowledge you can put up your point in front of class and seminar. Another point is at the time of interview or practical we can’t go because you don’t have idea about the particular thing you have basic knowledge but at the time of practical or interview they will ask the root thing of the particular subject or thing. So these are the few examples of negativity of the grading system. This is a good initiative by kapil sibal. Maniacs of marks should understand that there is no big difference between a student who scores 99 and 90. Nobody is consistent in their scoring which at times happens even beyond expectations. So this hue and cry over marks is pessimism. Every top ranking institute ranks students upon their aptitude where a student getting 60 marks may score better than a book worm who takes 99. 9%. Marks and knowledge on the subject are two different things. Mental ability and overall personality development means more than those digits scored without any purpose of developing knowledge. This system will put an end to such stupidity. Let me clear your view about the Grading system and Marking system (fail & pass). Grading system will be a kind of regular assessment system to check the students’ progress which will allow the students to put their focus on the poor grading subjects. Guardian may check the assessment of their ward and rectify the mistake before it goes beyond control. Usually the students take easy during normal course and take a great stress at the time of Final Exam which not only put them into depression but also allow them to commit suicide either before Exam or after the result. The fear of Pass and failure become the nightmare for the students. At present, to take admission in any professional course you have to appear in test process follow by interview so it will not effect due to getting 98 or 91 or even less than 90. The only thing I realize that educational system of all Board should be one and same. However, a lot need to change in our educational system and I think this is the first step towards the introducing global system of Education in India. Continual assessment of students without board examination is likely to considerably reduce the stress of not only the students but also the parents and teachers. Secondly, continual assessment is a good concept to evaluate a student during the entire academic session. On the contrary, one time assessment via board examination does not reflect the true academic standing of a student. I must congratulate the policy makers in this regard.